Rajasthan and its Diverse Dialects

Rajasthan is a wonderful state with many variations. Spread over a large part of the country, Rajasthan makes its own identity with many variations like identity, dialect, language, culture, and understanding. There is an old Rajasthani saying- “Kos-Kos par paani badle, Char kos par baani” means Rajasthan is so wide that both water and dialect change within a few kilometers. There are so many dialects in Rajasthan but some of them are widely spoken and recognized within and outside Rajasthan. Let’s take a deeper dive into the ocean of these dialects and find the pearls about them

Marwari (Marwadi)

The other name of Rajasthan is Marwar and Marwari is one of the most widely spoken languages in Rajasthan. It is mainly spoken in the western part of the state and particularly associated with the Rajput kingdoms of the state which is mainly the Jodhpur region.

Harauti (Hadoti)

Harauti is one of the most spoken languages in Rajasthan being used by more than four million people of Harauti region of the state covering Kota, Bundi, Jhalawar, Baran districts, and neighboring areas. It has a nominative marker /nɛ/, which is absent in other Rajasthani languages.

Wagdi (Vaghri)

This is a part of the Bhil language of India which is famous in the Dungarpur and Banswara districts of the state and has been characterized as a dialect of Bhili. Wagdi language is subdivided into more dialects i.e. Aspur, Kherwara, Sagwara, and Adivasi Wagdi. These widely spoken dialects are commonly spoken in southern Rajasthan.

Godwadi

Godwadi is a sub-dialect of the Marwari dialect spoken in Rajasthan. This dialect is spoken in the Godwad region. Presently the entire area from the eastern part of Ahor tehsil of Jalore to Bali tehsil of Pali district is called Godwad. This covers a huge area of Rajasthan and the Godwadi is one of the most popular dialects.

Shekhawati

Shekhawati is a Rajasthani Language of Indo-Aryan languages family and is spoken by about three million speakers in Churu, Jhunjhunu, and Sikar districts of Rajasthan. Though a very important dialect from the grammatical and literary points of view, yet very little work is carried out on it. In 2001 a descriptive grammar of Shekhawati has been published. Shekhawati, like the Bagri dialect of Shri Ganganagar and Hanumangarh districts, has a parallel lexicon which makes it very rich from the lexicographical point of view. Word order is typical SOV and there is the existence of implosives. Besides the presence of a high tone at the suprasegmental level classify it with other dialects of Rajasthani. It has contributed a lot to the development of the Rajasthani language and linguistics.

Malvi

Malvi is basically derived from the Madhya Pradesh state which is also called the tongue of Malwa. It is mainly the dialect of Kota and Jhalawar district of Rajasthan.

Mewari (Mewadi)

This one is the eastern form of the Marwari language used frequently in the southeast of the former princely state of Mewar comprised of Bhilwara, Udaipur, and Chittorgarh districts and its neighboring areas. Mewari is one of the major dialects of the Rajasthani language of the Indo-Aryan languages family. It is spoken by about five million speakers and is counted in most spoken languages in Rajasthan.

Mewati

This dialect sounds like Mewari but a different dialect and heavily used in Alwar and nearby districts and regions. It is also called the Braj Bhasha spoken in Bharatpur district.

Rajasthan is full of different dialects and cultures. The deeper we go, the more we get to know. The same applies to the Rajasthani dialects also. It is full of versatility and diversity. Each describes the different culture and history of the state and has a unique story behind its origin. Despite so many variations, the unity and solidarity of Rajasthan are amazing and certainly, it promotes the fame of Rajasthan at home and abroad.

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